Emission factors, with their sources.
The grid electricity, network loss and fuel factors our carbon reports apply in each supported country, each with the publication it comes from, as they stand in the current factor pack.
Grid electricity by country
The national factor each report applies to purchased electricity for location-based Scope 2. In Australia and the US, a company that gives its state gets that state's own figure instead. Each country page adds network losses, fuels and the Scope 3 spend source.
| Country | Grid factor | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 🇦🇺 Australia | 0.59 kg CO2e per kWh | NGA 2026 (DCCEEW) |
| 🇧🇪 Belgium | 0.155 kg CO2e per kWh | EEA 2024 |
| 🇩🇪 Germany | 0.352 kg CO2e per kWh | UBA 2025 estimate |
| 🇮🇳 India | 0.6751 kg CO2 per kWh | CEA CO2 Baseline Database v22.0 |
| 🇮🇪 Ireland | 0.1783 kg CO2 per kWh | SEAI 2025 provisional |
| 🇳🇱 Netherlands | 0.1922 kg CO2e per kWh | CO2emissiefactoren.nl 2026 |
| 🇸🇪 Sweden | 0.046 kg CO2e per kWh | IVL Nordic mix 2021-2023 |
| 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | 0.13096 kg CO2e per kWh | DESNZ 2026 |
| 🇺🇸 United States | 0.3497 kg CO2e per kWh | US EPA eGRID 2023, by state where the company gives one |
Refrigerants
Fugitive refrigerant losses are converted with IPCC global warming potentials. The refrigerant table lists every gas the engine prices and the basis of each value.
How the reports use them
Every factor a Carbon Draft applies carries its source citation in the report, and themethodology sets out how spend becomes emissions. When a source publishes CO2 only, the report says so.
Factor pack v2.6.17. Generated from the engine's factor files.