Australia emission factors: grid, losses and fuels.
NGA 2026 (DCCEEW) · national 0.59 kg CO2e/kWh, location-based; by state or grid when given
Grid electricity
Our carbon reports multiply a company's purchased kWh by this factor for location-based Scope 2. For a company that gives its state or territory, the reports use that grid's own NGA figure and its own network losses.
Network losses are reported separately, in Scope 3 Category 3: NGA 2026 Table 40 · Australia network losses, mean of the eight grids (estimate).
Fuels
Fuel burned in vehicles and equipment the company owns or controls is Scope 1. When a ledger gives fuel spend and we hold a published local price for that fuel and month, the engine turns the spend into litres or kWh at that price and applies the factor below (see supported countries). Fuel spend without a local price is priced at a US reference price, and fuel quantities entered directly in litres or kWh use the EPA Hub factors.
| Fuel | Factor | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Petrol | 2.3126 kg CO2e per litre | NGA 2026 Table 9 kg CO2e/L |
| Diesel | 2.7178 kg CO2e per litre | NGA 2026 Table 9 kg CO2e/L |
| Heating oil | 2.7781 kg CO2e per litre | EPA Hub 2025, per litre |
| Natural gas | 0.1812 kg CO2e per kWh | EPA Hub 2025, per kWh (gross CV) |
Scope 3 purchases
Open CEDA by Watershed, the country's own row (CEDA 2024 for reporting years ending in 2024 or before, CEDA 2025 after; CC BY-SA 4.0).
Frequently asked questions
What is the grid electricity emission factor for Australia?
0.59 kg CO2e per kWh, from NGA 2026 (DCCEEW) · national 0.59 kg CO2e/kWh, location-based; by state or grid when given. Our carbon reports multiply a company's purchased kWh by it for location-based Scope 2, unless the company gives its state, when that state's own figure applies.
Are transmission and distribution losses included?
They are reported separately, in Scope 3 Category 3, using NGA 2026 Table 40 · Australia network losses, mean of the eight grids (estimate).
Which emission factor is used for diesel spend in Australia?
2.7178 kg per litre, from NGA 2026 Table 9 kg CO2e/L.
Which factors are used for Scope 3 purchases in Australia?
Open CEDA by Watershed, the country's own row (CEDA 2024 for reporting years ending in 2024 or before, CEDA 2025 after; CC BY-SA 4.0).
Factor pack v2.6.17. All countries · Refrigerants · Methodology
These factors, applied to your ledger.
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